The majority of infections in humans are caused by bacterial biofilms. Biofilms are structured communities of bacteria found on surfaces. Bacteria living in biofilms can tolerate much higher antibiotic concentrations compared to planktonic bacteria and survive long enough to evolve antimicrobial resistance (AMR). They form persistent, hard-to-treat infections and exhibit an intrinsic biology that promotes the development and transmission of AMR. The project is a sub-project within the BEAT-AMR consortium. The aim of the BEAT-AMR consortium is to investigate fundamental mechanisms that shape antimicrobial resistance in biofilms in relation to medical surfaces and then translate those findings into clinical practice.