The colleagues from LMU-Munich will be involved in the clinical evaluation of patients with filarial pathology randomized for different treatments. In addition a study focusing on HIV/LF co-infected individuals will be led by the Munich group of the consortium. It seems that HIV diminishes anti-filarial immune reactions and thus, pathology. Conversely it has been hypothesized that treatment of HIV may have an impact on filarial pathology, i.e. that LE or hydrocele may aggravate after ART against HIV, with T cell responses re-emerging.